About the Types of Memory Loss

Classification of memory loss can be made using many criteria. Depending on the duration, the types of memory loss are permanent and temporary memory loss. When a certain type of memory is affected, the memory loss can be classified as either short-term memory loss or long-term memory loss. The condition may develop gradually or may appear suddenly. All these types of memory loss are conditioned by certain factors.
Global amnesia is one of the most frequent types of memory loss. It is characterized by inability to recall things that are stored in the long-term memory. However, patients who suffer from amnesia do not present any problems related to the short-term memory. Furthermore, amnesiacs can remember semantic memories.
As a proof of this fact, people who suffer from amnesia still know the meanings of the words and information about the general world. This certain type of amnesia is usually provoked by damage inflicted on the medial temporal lobes. Also, it can appear if the diencephalon or the basal forebrain is affected. The main causes are represented by infections of the brain and by cerebrovascular accidents. Global amnesia is one of the permanent types of memory loss.
A classification of memory loss can also be made after observing the rate of forgetting. This rate depends on the certain part of the brain that is damaged. As many studies have shown, people with medial temporal lobe damage lose memory faster than the diencephalic patients.
Organic amnesia is one of the memory loss types that appear as a result of a brain lesion. It can be found in one or more of the four possible situations. Anterograde amnesia refers to the incapacity to recall events that happen after memory loss is installed. Retrograde amnesia is the term used when people cannot remember events that have happened before the appearance of memory loss. In the third situation, the intelligence is kept, while in the fourth situation the short-term memory is good. When all these four situations occur simultaneously, people are called global amnesics.
Mild cognitive impairment refers to all the subtle, yet measurable memory conditions. Dementia represents an alteration of the mental processes. Memory is affected in most of the cases of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is a specific type of dementia which features memory loss always. Vascular dementia is determined by repeated strokes. All these types of memory disorder may provoke a particular type of memory loss.
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